mysql5.7 Ubuntu24.04安装
一、下载mysql安装包
解压
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar二、初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql
sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
报错
root@ubantu24-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/local/www/mysql/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64# sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决：使用源码安装libaio，其他方式安装都有问题
git clone https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/libaio.git
tar zxvf libaio-0.3.112.tar.gz
cd libaio-0.3.112/
make
sudo make install
# 重新初始化
sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
又报错
root@ubantu24-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/local/www/mysql/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64# sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
mysqld: Can't create directory '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
2025-11-17T03:41:38.996690Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2025-11-17T03:41:38.998337Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/local/mysql/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
2025-11-17T03:41:39.005652Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
解决：添加用户组
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
再次报错
root@ubantu24-VMware-Virtual-Platform:/usr/local/www/mysql/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64# sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
mysqld: Can't create directory '/usr/local/mysql/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
解决：创建软路由
sudo ln -s /usr/local/www/mysql/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
sudo bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql初始化成功，密码是最后的字符串
三、启动mysql服务
复制配置文件
sudo cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql配置环境变量
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH启动
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
报错
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决：再次创建软路由
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libncurses.so.6.4 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libncurses.so.5
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.6.4 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5再启动正常
四、设置root密码，开启远程访问
登录mysql
mysql -u root -p查看数据库
show databases;报错
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
需要修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'qweasd123';再次查看数据库就正常了
开启远程访问
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'qweasd123' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
